Television
Chen You Rong( 2005-12-23)
[ content abstract ] television amusement melts have become now a big tendency, but at the same time, seeming also become , is many to sentence. This text melts respectively from television standard, consumer social the masses and 3 cultural multivariate angles for television amusement to carry out analysis and combs , and pointing out television amusement to melt existent certainty and important meaning.
[ keyword ] television amusement
Before half century, British writer Ao Wei Er is filled with apprehensiveness for the future , think that our culture will become to get system culture, it will destroy us if we will get system in the painful thing, that we hate. With him at the same time acting He Xu Li is also filled with for the future Yin worry, however coincidentally on the contrary, - - thinks that our culture will become to be filled with the desire and stimulate of sense organs and has no the vulgar culture of regular game, we will lose freedom because of enjoyment, we will destroy in the thing that we love. Today after 50 years, all everything is seemingly partial to more in He Xu Li, amusement supreme have become a kind of mainstream, but is our real meeting destroied by amusement? It is pessimistic that answer has no He Xu Li perhaps.
It is the return
Any appearance of new thing, we form easily the misunderstanding even prejudice that is prejudiced. Because of historical reason, our total habit pastes the label of " politics " to the television of our country, think it not should the territory that will not also walk out of " propagative machine". And paste the label of " business " to western television, the "shadow" that lets it can not get rid of forever" amusement machine". As if think that capitalism is market economy, socialism is as planned economy, we think always the television of our country if have the taste of western those television commercial amusement, seemingly a little counter to not say. So, the television of our country as soon as unite marriage with amusement, for the anger and disgust that arouses many persons , it is even the opposition of hysteria , thinks that this has the dignity of insult television, have to defeat cultural door is. Television amusement melts programme becomes a goal that opposition person tries best to attack , because " it is vulgar, is to be bored, is elementary, is insipid " should not exist in a word, should ban first then is rapid. " Kang Xi have come " have encountered serious condemnation , say that they are deteriorated ethics, have had no sense of shame, " super schoolgirl" have also gotten blame , say that it has trodden on the dignity of the person under age, have deceived the person under age is simple, draw the person under age wrong way. May" Kang Xi Men" is still fiery, the as before lively, little S annual income of " super women " reaches the currencies of 30 million, its programme is selected for 2004 the best amusement of Taiwan golden clock award Zong skill programme, collect culvert in is also been by comment" the Chinese eye roll of TV festival of 2004 years" best amusement anchor-person. Then, link the always decent news programme of 800 , also begin to wear the coat of amusement, come to get to like is disgusted recently rare pleasant a quick glance of old audience. Television act amusement big flag strides forward forward, television person carries out amusement after all.
Actually, television and amusement inborn is a pair of, this from the very television property decide. Television is different from newspaper, what television presents is image, what select is the eye of person; The writing that newspaper presents , what select is the cerebrum of person. Television image has though lost newspaper writing peculiar tight logic intension is deep, but it is vividly lively and superior as arriving to have gotten the law experience had no by writing. Therefore, television leaves can not let one think deeply , can not train people if Wo Er special? The shelf of old man the ability of analysing management for knowledge of saying is short of regret at the same time, have gotten can satisfy people the compensation of visual pleasant sensation. This kind of is short of regret and compensation and cultural quality universal not high the masses have reached some tacit agreement, eventually, let television go to the popular road of popularization. It is this kind of and popular and popularization as " field river flows to say , , , showing specifically is outstanding amusement feature ".
British scholar has this Nicholas, A-Bo-Ke-Long than when in " its television and society " a book points out , " television is a kind of amusement media mainly, everything that shows up on television has amusement. " no matter amusement content, entertain still form, is for amusement audience, or give pleasure to its body, or its happy heart. At the same time, he still points out that" television is also a kind of family media". This signifies that what television will bring to audience is relaxed as feeling can not is blindly sermon is heavy, nobody can bear one to chatter away , reason does deep preach , also having no person is willing to buy such a annoying dad to go home. American scholar nun Er, wave us graceful when in " entertain till death " a book also says , " television is insignificant, so if it imposes in own very high mission, or show self into the carrier of important cultural dialogue, so danger has caused . . . . . . " " amusement is the super ideology of all language on television. No matter is what content, also no matter adopt what visual angle, everything on television is to offer amusement to us. " American propagation scholar denies even more point out specially clearly, amusement function is a kind of function that most shows in popular medium propagation function. Though their viewpoint has to lose certain quite, but confirm the objectivity of television amusement function , television amusement the certainty that melts , it is the negation for the very television that the amusement of negative television melts.
It is the main menu of television that refering to world television development history, amusement melts. As soon as television appears , has inherited the bowl of the amusement of film, propagation is amusement programme mainly. Have not propagated news in large quantities restrict with tool except being relevant outside, have still seemingly never thought of news because of the original intention of invention television. This kind of situation always lasts to 50 decade, plenty of news programme contents just begin to appear , but the position of can not also replace amusement is that both symbiosis grows totally. Is the special historical reason of our country, let television have been far away from amusement , and emphasize blindly" news education"( definite point gives publicity to ) , cause the misunderstanding of people for television natural instinct and the prejudice for western television. Actually, western television is not only amusement, as if the television of our country is also not only news( make one embarrassed is , our country just has special all-weather news channel in 2003 , is but still not the news channel on genuine meaning by query, because propaganda error thick). We can not be that blind persons who feels elephant , touching part think that is entire elephant. Can not let television imprison in the shackles of news , should let television return to its original location. Not only seeing television the leadership that has as a kind of news media society upward serious one side, will also understand television as the affinity of a kind of amusement media relaxed the masses, holding the misunderstanding of being for television each and do not respect.
2 and television amusement
No matter we whether want , also regardless of us whether believe , in fact, " today, when our around, existence a kind of from the astonishing consumer and lush phenomenon that increased thing, service and material wealth form constantly. It forms a kind of basic change in human natural environment, , , people do not get as passing person surround , get thing surround. " this is let, Bao-De-Li-Ya is called as the consumer society of " white Mass " , bleaches ocean from the West Europe of the mid-term of 19 century to pass sea near 1 half century , arrives at last in Chinese the earth. What consumer society highlies praise is consumer supreme, consumer's supreme article of faith, the direct aftermath that this brings is to get the popular position of consumer's identity to get quick promotion , they need not again picture so accepts elites in the past for everything that they arrange , also not use again picture so speaks insincerely in the past land worship, revere and obey , and it is to be able to select , decides to be able to even say firmly " not ". As the television under this language boundary, it does not be the symbol thing of elites right, no longer is come to by elites a compartment is willing to decide to broadcast what, should not broadcast what; The masses should see what , should not see what. Television has become a kind of popular life consumer way, as if Sichuan candidate selects dozen mahjongs is the same and at will natural. The masses may consume message, also, may consume to entertain. Consumer society has been to give a popular freedom the opportunity of choice and decision, it is that consumer society has offered a best symptom of plenty of superior opportunities for people that television amusement melts , with popular position, get a best evidence that is promoted and has been realized to see and think of the thing seen.
Is other, television amusement melts to embody offset to cost a kind of genuine respect of social the masses, it is one as popular quest liberates to get help from within. In fact, the masses will not only need message , need to also entertain , Fu Luo point out clearly according to virtue, " mankind always seeks happiness, it is not happy to avoid. " Chinese fair is former and modern , after is modern and modern the realistic entanglement of the alienation that causes people to must face thing and the alienation double chains of person of one body, the peasant of the hired laborer of factory, the white collar of office and field, they or have got freedom have no safety , or having got safety, have no freedom , it is more neither being free nor being safe, everybody is that one on this social machine takes the parts of eye not only, even damage so some of seemingly also do not guard against the big trouble of social machine. Reality has thing and the quantification of thing to melt to cause people, is often controled by position, occupation and wealth, advocation in front of law the equality of everybody at the same time, people experience arrives more in live difference in degree is expensive and lowly , everybody seems , is puting on former handcuffs difficult trip , have even had no direction. People seem more and more far from happiness , feel the label of times alone, gloom has become the most popular pestilence, the desire of pursuing happiness no what times picture today is so strong, television amusement melts programme is convenient of real benefit to let not happy the masses can not refuse really. However, the masses of today need not again picture is compelled to" extinguish passion" in the past for " store justice ", so, " super female voice ", " lucky 52 " and " very 6+1 " have gone to television , have entered life.
Moreover, these amusements melt programme outside melt is a kind of game, can let the popular heart of the whole body put in and relax , reach the state of a kind of freedom , become a complete person. Is playing , all grade, restraint and awkwardness will do not work , all may be casually intimate to contact , may insert department to hit joke , may let lofty is together mean and shameless, great and tiny , is sacred and vulgar to be close. A kind of treatment that game has in principle can make one clear away or dissolve step by step those experiences that make one unhappy and feelings, realization as those make one tired the realistic world of worry surmount , and experience the another kind of ideal life that not experienced in realistic life. In" super female voice", we want to sing to sing , all person is leading role , has the freedom that selected and have been select , has decision and by the power of decision. Here, have had no authority , have had no grade here, here some is that you want to sing the stage sung , you want to say that say , want to throw space and the opportunity of throwing. Everybody may when in which wave fully to sprinkle , freedom is visited , eventually, evolution is being a to sweep revelry storm, amusement storm and the game storm of entire China. " very 6+1 ", " dream in your heart, opportunity when you are on hand. " " your what need not also bring , bring your dream only. " you may practice via the mill of 6 days, 7th day enters to dream for heaven , enjoys the treatment of Pa-Wa-Luo-Di type , experiences the law in realistic life that we have no to realize even dare not the ideal view of extravagant hopes. In game, deduction is dreamt for , in game, experience happiness is chased in playing freely , becomes a romantic game person.
It is cultural multivariate
Human history of social development is also a human cultural development history, in each historical period of human social development, it has to it corresponding cultural form. As old period of stone implement has " the old culture of stone implement" , period of bronze ware " the culture of bronze ware " is the same, the today nature of electronic times has produced television culture. As television culture is as the continuity of human culture, television amusement melts programme is also cultural multivariate refraction. When people habit today for that any thing will divide grade , culture is also been by partition with rough the masses that are linked thoroughly culture and with upper levels appearance the elite culture kissed. When popular culture gets the language boundary of criticism everywhere take off, television amusement melts programme can not also avoid reproach as a representative of popular culture, say that it is the vulgar cultural culture of fast food , has used the culture thrown , is even rubbish culture, because " it lets one satisfy instead of arousing to person, Zi four indulgence not because exceed is all refined, quick reaction not because is lost in thought with great concentration, escape morals instruction not because bend docilely in it. " the blame of all these nearly come from elite cultural camp, prime cause lies in that elites feel that self position has gotten threat in the world of popular cultural control, those high when go up , is superior as being insufferably arrogant to have experienced challenge. But popular culture or the result of criticism is more and more contained , amusement culture develops the more is the more strong, each road "general mobilization" has the more brave war the more, university students select still " Lan Bo " instead of" Iraqi Li-Ya-Te".
Television amusement melts the symbol that programme makes popular cultural amusement and common people prosperous as popular culture, have gotten unprecedented display. " in Kang Xi has come ", what we see is that one lives very much Lian Zhan that melts , one has no any ring of light to shine , like to wear 4 angle underdrawers and us the no common people of any difference, can't see that his officer holds in the mouth , position and wealth, can't experience his usual prestige , is mysterious and drift apart. This kind of go grade melts , go elite the common people that melt special quality has brought up television amusement to melt programme gets the psychological identification of cultural the masses eventually, at last, go to the road that may contend with with elite culture; Television amusement melts the straight whiteness and plainness that programme embodies compare with elite cultural pursuit is graceful and deep, have added quilt more the chip of popular support, the last impact force for that elite culture has produced greatly and shake to fear force; Elites criticism , disdain such as " happy lark, do not sum aftermath and joyful sense organs, need not wisdom, it is established by usage, everything does not be expected , have overturn just " etc. various defect the sudden thrust of the mace--one's trump or master card that has become popular culture just , melt the fatal wound of elite culture. But popular culture will not can not also subvert elite culture, as if elite culture can not always control popular culture is the same.
Elites excessive blame still lets one produce a kind of elite cultural and popular cultural mutually exclusive false appearance besides the despair that shows them. Actually popular cultural and elite culture not is you die I work hostile relation, is that both forms multivariate culture together , common for culture enrich and flourish , have no elite culture or give up popular culture, culture is not complete. Television amusement culture really rises on needs popularize , but problem is to can not get popularity if linking the masses, far from being popular cultural raising, elite culture can only be respected forever by the masses and is far. The development of elite culture prosperity need to still have the aid of a helping hand of popular culture, especially when popular quality has not reached yet the altitude that elite culture asks , popular culture should play its deserved role. Elite culture will learn how to move towards the masses, will study just like popular culture how to rise is the same. Some scholars show up on television media , make mirror in amusement programme , have hinted elite culture , with popular culture, is stretching actively the hand shown , dissolve is sleepy. No matter elite culture " lay aside figure ", or popular culture" is lively and positive", explains that it is short that they are making effort to take length to mend , tries to move towards the harmonious coexist of some degree. But popular cultural end will maintain its at all special quality , will not become elite culture completely. Even popular quality, day has reached the altitude that elite culture asks , popular culture will not also disappear , television amusement melts , have very popular meeting still. Lu Ka Qi has so said that reading Shakespeare is in view of duty , and will go to read detective story when needing pastime. Perhaps certain amusement melts programme meeting because the masses are aesthetic and exhausted detest , but another amusement programme can come on stage calmly still, it can go on after all if television amusement melts. This is the times of television culture, this also is television amusement the times that melt , is cultural multivariate times.
Bibliographical
Wu fly to compose " medium criticism
Nicholas this, A-Bo-Ke-Long than work" television
Nun Er, wave graceful work " entertain till death
Li Ling writes " propagate to study theory
Let, Bao-De-Li-Ya composes the 1th page
John, Fei this g work" television culture"
Pack inferior clear volume" rear metropolis and
Author: Chen You Rong Sichuan university
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E-mail:Cyr2005200@163.com
Chinese
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