The education of Chinese
The Summarize and Phases of Landscape Architecture Education in< xml:namespace prefix=st1/>< place w:st=on>< country-region w:st=on>China< country-region/>< place/>
Forest
Lin Guangsi
MakePass19512004For year, theLAYear of subject professional ordinary undergraduate college and the quantity of city is made statistics of , depict it to develop curve , and divide its development according to the factors such as political and educational system reform for period and stage.
Keyword:Scenery garden; Educate
Abstract:This paper describes the track of landscape architecture education in theChineseMainland from1951to2004, and plots out its phases by transformation of politics and education systems.
Key words:Landscape architecture; History of education; Development phases; Summarize
In pictureTU986 DocumentA
1Draw
In recentScenerySubject(Landscape Architecture, abbreviateLA)Development have become the focus point of academic circle with prospect. Many documents are from the angle of traditional garden development history, profession practice scope or foreign similar subject category , have enriched academic circle asLAThe knowledge of subjectLAThe document of present situation and subject educational development is very few, this is delivered mainly because current as well as past subject educational situation information lacks. The author is investigating China in detailLASubject installation( table1), attempt when the general thin minute on the foundation of stating its development stage, is easy to develop the investigation in-depth further. The research of this text area is continent region mainly, do not include the Taiwan region of Hong Kong and Macau.
Show1:19512004RecruitLACollege shows subject[ 1
Time
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
College
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
3
7
1
1
1
1
City
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
3
7
1
1
1
1
Time
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
College
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
City
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
Time
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
College
2
4
6
5
5
6
8
13
14
15
15
15
14
13
City
1
3
5
4
4
5
7
11
11
12
13
13
12
11
Time
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
College
15
19
20
25
29
30
40
45
49
54
68
82
City
13
17
18
22
24
25
34
38
39
42
52
60
2Subject development
Since1951Since the annual Beijing agriculturalLASubject50Long history1The major point of sudden change1, mayLAThe development of subject is1)
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2.1First19511964Year ): Subject
ChinaLASubject birth forms preliminarily
In which19511957Year is1952It is adjusted that in annual autumn, the policy of " with train industrial construction talent with teaching resources are focal point, develop special institute, regulation and reinforced comprehensive university " that put forward according to the courtyard of government affairs has carried out courtyard department in the most regions of whole country the reform of and professional installation. The same year7Month4Day11Japan and Ministry of Education have convened the president meeting of nation-wide agronomy courtyard. Have passed through nation-wide agronomy courtyard department to adjust and is professional to install planned scheme. In which, horticulture department divides to set up , is the vegetable special field of fruit tree and make garden2Special field.12A school sets up , the1953Annual summer, make garden group move from Tsinghua University to return Beijing agricultural university since manage. Limit to because of the strength of teaching resources, making garden special field in this year have not recruited.1956Year3Month22Japan, theDecision makes BeijingThe8MonthMake garden professional formal ownershipThis is not only to make the1952In annual fall, agricultural courtyard is the result of adjustment, is besides Beijing agricultural university, the horticulture department of other colleges had been allowed only to install the vegetable special field of fruit tree; Some colleges view and admire group had been also canceled. City and resident district forestation professional establishment have again brought favourable turn, the scholar of agricultural college who makes the excellence in the aspect of garden and flowers has been adjusted , have gone to Beijing forest institute. Therefore1956In year, the resident districtLAThe cradle1957Year11Month, forestry department givesLASubject begin1958Year, same Ji the special1956In level, divide to1979It is basic to set
19581964In year,1958The sport of great leap forwardLASubject professional college is on region , still has Nanjing, Shenyang, Changsha, Zhengzhou and Wuhan except Beijing; On school type, except forestry college, there is still agricultural college and architectural college. At the same time, on subject name, except" city and resident district forestation", have still arisen " garden melts " and " garden ".When1961Year1Sharing the plenary in 8 classes of 9 atThe special field1963Year9Month, the batch of the
2.2Second19651978Year ): Subject
ChinaLASubject gets preliminary
In which19651973Year is1964Year7Month, chairman Mao Zedong has made garden be professional to close down according to the instruction about canceling potted flower and garden to work that government organization and enterprise and institution unit give.1964Year9Month30Japan, forestry subordinate reaches1965Year3Month22Day4Month20Japan, forestry[ 65 ]Number[ 65 ]File, decide to1965Year7Month1Japan and Beijing forest institute announce forestry department above-mentioned decision, garden special field is closed down , it is organizational system to cancel garden, will garden department teacher merges into forestry department, set up garden teaching and research group , have preserved the ranks of teachers of garden department basically.
19741978Year is1972In year, under week Premier solicitude, higher school recovery is recruited. Basis comrade Mao Zedong the instruction about " want from have the worker of practice experience who selects student among peasant ", each college begins to recruit the soldier student of workers and peasants.1972YearShanghai visits China to meet the1974In year, have made clear the policy of " park1974,75Year2Fall due the1977Year7Month recovers the1978And1979In year, Beijing197986Year between Zeng Ming city garden
2.33th period(19791998Year ): Subject
ChinaLASubject vigorous development,
In which,19791985Year.1979Year, same Ji university architectural department sets up garden forestation special field, Shanghai agronomy courtyard horticulture is to set up garden special field. This is former, the garden professional installation of Beijing forest institute when garden department, the garden professional installation of the Wuhan institute of urban construction when the department of urban construction, other schools install when forest studies department. Therefore, this signLAThe formal proliferation of subject1980In year, the city garden special field of2Two direction8Month, school has appeared in the2Is professional , and has worked out the teaching plan that divides professional recruitment , has not but gotten to approve that city garden special field can only be trained according to two specializations. This is ChinaLASubject formally1959The annual Master subject special field1984YearThe Wuhan instituteConstruct)FirstEstablish scenery garden1985YearSame Ji university
19861992Year isMinistry1982In year,1987The finish of end of the year has carried out second unification to revise the professional catalog of higher school. " original garden " is professional and formal to divide into " garden" , " view and admire horticulture" and" scenery garden"3A special2When1986Formally promulgate1987Formally promulgate1984Begining to increase in year set up or moreLASubject spreads at once massively from the college of agriculture and forestry to architectural college. In duration, the Nanjing building of technical college is ( now southeast university architecture courtyard) ,The Suzhou instituteShowThe Suzhou instituteChongqing builds the building of technical1992In year,5The college constructed closes
19931998Year is1992Beginning of the year, comrade Deng Xiaoping south Xun talk afterwards, nation-wide every place has raised the upsurge of economic construction. Party has suggested that with establishment, socialist market economy is reform goal , marks that our country has entered a new history to develop period.1993Year1Month, the State Council has transmited2Middle of theChinese educational", puting forward higher education will suit to accelerate the needs of reforming and opening up and modernization construction , make scale have greater development; Carry out the system reform of higher education clearly , solve government and higher school, central government and the relation between place, national educational commission and central each business department, step by step establishment government macroscopic management and school face society to act on one's own run a school system. So, school and place have gotten more autonomous right , set upLASubjectProfessional school
2.44th period(1999so far): Subject
ChinaLASubject name confusion
In19992002Year is1999Year begins to carry out new professional[ 2Or change name. The same year, college
2003Since year, it is 9th stage. The uniformity2003Year4Month13Japan, Beijing university2003Year10Month8Japan, the architecture courtyard landscape of Tsinghua University studies department to formally set up. The same year, southwest traffic university architecture courtyard first obtains Ministry of Education to approve increase recently" landscape architectural design" special field, begin to recruit.2002Year11Month, the degree committee of the State Council develops in doctorate to authorize, act on one's own in first class subject to install the reform work of experimental unit of subject and special field , some colleges one after another when architecture, horticulture and forest study etc. subject has installed " landscape architecture" , " architectural environmental art" , " view and admire horticulture ", " horticulture environmental project ", " project forestation ", " landscape design studies " and " landscape program and design " etc., it is filling1998Year since" scenery garden program2005Year3Month, the degree committee of the State Council has again promulgated " scenery garden Master professional degree installs scheme ", though have remedied scenery garden degree is short of to lose , but doctorate and scientific Master of scenery garden subject have not recovered still.
3Conclusion
In a wordChinaLAIt is major that subject gets nationalIn the behind of educationalIn recent yearsLAThe proliferation on subject space, have again
Express thanks: Thanks Wang
[[ 1]Statistics includes seting up garden( contain to make garden, city and resident district forestation , garden melts , city garden and garden forestation) , scenery garden( contain same Ji the scene garden architectural, travel management of university) , landscape architectural design3Kind of undergraduateLASubject special field; Original1954From year,1974-75Year, Yunnan forest institute(1971Year1979Year moves to return Beijing recovery original name) recovery garden department, recruit the student of workers and peasants of the system of 3 years in, statistical table. Nanjing forest institute( current Nanjing forestry university) ,Shenyang agronomy courtyard( current Shenyang agricultural university) and Hunan forest institute in( show the south forestry university of science and technology) , Henan agronomy courtyard( current Henan agricultural university) and Shanghai agronomy courtyard( the current farming agricultural and biological courtyard of Fudan University) when1960YearLASubject professional1962Change over to other special1949Level1950Level partial19511953Make the student
[2]Also some colleges view
Author
Forest/It/1977Give/Guangdong/BeijingGardenUrban planning and2005Level/Study direction: Chinese/BeijingGarden institute( 100.083)
Brief Introuduction to the Writer
Lin Guangsi, male, born in1977, native of< place w:st=on>< city w:st=on>Xinyi< city/>< state w:st=on>Guangdong< state/>< place/>Province, is a Grade-2005PhD. Student at the College of Landscape Architecture of Beijing Forestry University, with the specialty of Urban Planning and Design, and the research interest of landscape architecture. His research fields include: The history of landscape architecture in modern< place w:st=on>< country-region w:st=on>China< country-region/>< place/>, landscape architecture review. (< place w:st=on>< city w:st=on>Beijing< city/>< place/>100.083
This text publishes2005In2Issue92-93Page
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