The transfer of the world center of science and technology

The transfer

Five transfer

(One)China(With Tang)

1Show:Beginning from Qin Han, China is the center of science and technology of ancient world in pretty long period. Tang Song the achievement development of science and technology of period reaches the limit summit, if Sui Tang the invention of vulture edition printing technique and gunpowder , Song the high achievement of astronomical calendar and the epochal development of acting printing technique, compass and gunpowder(Tang Seng " big Yan), Shen Kuo Yu

2, thinkWhy when Tang Song the?

It is economic and prosperous(As loyal); The cultural policy with enlightened ruler;(Such as use)Wait.

(2)It is( 1517Century)

1Show: The natural science of modern times develop suddenly: The solar center that Costa Rica white nun founds has said that begins astronomy revolution, Italian scientist Galileo selfs make telescope to observe celestial body , confirms its correctness, he emphasizes experiment and practice, have been been regard as the foundation of the experiment science of modern times. Italian scientist cloth Lu Nuo defends and develops this theory , puts forward " universe is infinity " , advocates the method of scientific research of materialism. The economy that has promoted Italy develops the development of science and technology, Italy becomes world economic center once.

2, think

( 1)Why Italy will become?

Italian earliest appearance is capitalist

( 2)Why " the eastern accomplishment? (Or " this period, the?Why?")

Discrepancy: China: The summary

Reason: It is economic: Chinese heavy

It is political: Chinese(Such as).

Cultural thought: The special system

It is external: Chinese separating(Such as).

(3)It( 1719Century)

1, show:Cultivate to advocate the method of scientific research of materialism thoroughly , have made contribution for science to develop; Newton independently establishment infinitesimal calculus, have established the foundation of variable mathematics, its Newton mechanics system becomes the sign that the science of modern times forms , this is human knowledge history goes up is for the for the first time theoretical summary of natural law and synthesis; Electromagnetism aspect, lucky Er uncle special publication" theory magnetics" , faraday establishes systematic electromagnetism with experiment proof electromagnetism induction phenomenon and Maxwell theory foretells the existence of electromagnetism wave, to open up the new times of human life - - electrical times, have created condition; Wave justice ear leads into experiment method , is chemical, is called as the founder of the chemistry of modern times, road Er pause establishment scientific atom theory; Ha-Wei has established blood to circulate to learn , has established the foundation of the physiology of modern times, reach Er writing has established evolution theory. Make biology move towards maturation. The newest achievement on science becomes the guide of technical revolution. Invent , especially watt have perfected efficient steam engine, have aroused for the first time industrial revolution, the economy of Britain has entered highly prosperous period. Have established the monopoly position of world industry.

2, thinkBritain why will?

Capitalist economic development is carried out and completed most early into industrial revolution; It is bourgeois and revolutionary to win , has established capitalist system: Colonize to expand and international market enlarges constantly; The ideological emancipation of the Enlightenment: After being opened up , new route is in the central line of the shipping of the Atlantic Ocean.

(4)It( 18Century19Century)

1, show:The encyclopaedia headed by Di De Luo style: Flute Ka-Er founds analytic geometry to study , has realized the turn that goes to variable mathematics from constant mathematics; Pull the oxidize of tile tin and guard theory of weighing apparatus make chemical development walk into the right path; Pull mark to put forward biological evolution viewpoint.

2, think

( 1)France becomes the reason of the center

( 2)The enlargement of Chinese?

One is that the development of western science and technology has promoted capitalist prominent emergence, western big powers step up to invade China , make China fall onto semi-colonial society step by step. 2 is that advanced Chinese has sprouted the new thought of " to western study " , is unceasing to study and introduce western advanced science and technology.

(5)It( 19One of20In century,)

1, show:The systems such as Siemens make its reality use into generator , are caused with the Second Industrial Revolution with electrification of feature: Card and the birth of internal-combustion engine Er, book Ci manufacture happens from the automobile of internal-combustion engine drive: Scientific research aspect, roentgen discoveryXRay, Curie spouses refinement makes

2, think

( 1)The reason of?

Unified completion and the victory of general

( 2)Britain and law for?

It is economic and slow to develop; Government

(6)America( 20Century)

1, show:The second revolution of science and technology in, love Di raw invention electric light , shellfish Er invention telephone; In the 3th revolution of science and technology, America occupies leading position: The computer birth, "Apollo" and explosion of atom bomb mount month and space shuttle lift-off etc..

2, think

( 1)America20Century why the?

19In end of the century, American economy develops fast. Industrial output world is first; The promotion of two world wars; Government pays attention to the education of science and technology; Politics is stabilized relatively, democratic system is perfected relatively; Adopt immigration policy , attract large quantities of Europe Scientists Ya. Introduce foreign technology actively

( 2)In 3th revolutionary duration?

" left " incline , is wrong, it is for the persecution of intelligentsia; It is economic and difficult , lacks the fund of the research of science and technology: Diplomatic aspect, lack the contact of and western developed country.

2, the regularity

(One)Become the

1, it is economic: Productivity(Guarantee has).

2, thought: People the

3, it is political:(The environment).

4, it is external: Exchange

5, possess(Scientist)Troops.

(2)Become the

World science and technology are central

Promote mutual.

3, China becomes the

According to scholar80Arrive2000Until year,80Year, if above21In century, America will< xml:namespace prefix=st1 ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/>< chmetcnv w:st=on unitname=l sourcevalue=2 hasspace=False negative=False numbertype=1 tcsc=0>2l< chmetcnv/>The center of science and technology of century presents the situation of many centers or multipolarizations as economic, political situation. So, China becomes the favorable factor of the one of world center of science and technology(Or possibility)There?

1, after reforming and opening up, the

2, since truth standard

3, society stabilizes(Puting forward science);

4, unceasing enlargement

5, huge domestic and international