Garden forest plant disposition

GardenAccording to plant ecological habits and garden layout, ask , deploy the various plants in garden( arbor, bush, flowers and turf and land quilt plant etc.) reasonably in order to develop their garden function and view and admire property. Garden plant disposition is the important link of garden program design.The disposition of garden plant includes two aspects: On the one hand, it is the disposition of the various plants between each other , considers the choice of plant kind and the combination of grove, season, color and the composition of plane and upright surface appearance as well as garden artistic conception; On the other hand, it is garden plant with other garden essential factor such as the dispositions between each other such as mountain stone, water body and architectural, garden road.The choiceThe choice of plant kind plant has life, different garden plant has different ecological and form feature. Their trunk, leaf, flower, the attitude of fruit, size, shape, quality, color and thing time issue are not identical each; They( major finger trees) are in childhood , prime of life and old age as well as throughout the year landscape also quite have discrepancy. Carry out plant disposition , want according to local conditions, it is grown up that act according to circumstance makes plant normal, develop it fully to view and admire property. Select garden plant to grow with the tree of native soil mainly , reflect the plant style of every region with the growth growth condition that guarantees that it is normal that garden plant has. Can not at the same time also overlook fine kind draw kind domestication work.Plant dispositionThe hillock of mountain ridge of plant disposition way nature Fu the flora near last and river lake mountain stream falls , it has natural plant composition and natural landscape , is the artistic creative source of natural type plant disposition. In Chinese classic garden and greater park and scenic district, plant disposition usually adopts natural type, but in local region , near especially main building nearby and trunk road side also adopts regular type. The arrangement method of garden plant has mainly, is lonely to plant , plant for planting and listing , clump plants with crowd plant etc..ItThe individual America that shows trees mainly is the main scene of garden space frequently. The requirement for the wood of lonely tree planting is: Attitude is graceful, color is distinct, the summary of bodily form is big, life-span length has characteristic. Other around disposition trees should keep , is suitable to view and admire distance. Around valuable ancient tree well-known wood, cannot plant other arbor and bush in order to maintain its unique charisma. The lonely tree planting that is used to shield is wooden, ask crown lenient, branches and leaves are dense, blade has few plant diseases and insect pests , with ball shape and umbrella shape crown had better to.AsPlant symmetrically to be equal approximately the trees of quantity, apply in garden door, building entrance, square or end of the bridge both side. In natural type plantation, do not ask absolute symmetry , as should also maintain the balance of form when planting.RowAlso claim that tape is planted , is that trip brings plantation trees , is applied in street , highway both side, the around of or regular type square. If use garden scenery, background or isolation measure and general suitable close planting form tree screen.ClumpMore than 3, the combination of different tree kind is the way of the universal application in garden. May use to decide scene or match scene, may also use to make background or isolation measure. Disposition is suitable and natural , accords with artistic composition law to beg the group who can show plant to be beautiful, can also find out that the individual of tree kind is beautiful.CrowdThe group of identical tree kind makeThe artisticThe artistic tactic of plant disposition in garden space, no matter mainly with plant, scene or plant and other garden essential factor form main scene together, when the choice of plant kind, quantity determine , way and the arrangement of location adopt should emphasize that is main, it is distinct to make primary and secondary, with the characteristic shelf of soft breeze of expression garden space landscape.ContrastUsing the form feature with different plant, with difference in degree, attitude and Ye Xing Ye, the contrast tactics of color and colored shape pattern show certain artistic conception, set off the plant landscape of America. When grove is made up , will notice the coordination between each other, is unfit for grow the form discrepancy great tree of good looks to make up together.Move tendencyVarious plant attitudes are different, it is some to compare rule , as Chinese photinia and bad smell Chun; Some have a kind of move tendency, as pine and elm , suit joyfully. Disposition , to strive for plant, the harmony between each other or between plant and the other essential factor in environment is coordinated; At the same time, still consider seasonal change and the growth stage of plant in difference , do not produce unbalanced situation therefore.Rise andRoad is deploied both side with the plant of long and narrow shape region, to notice that vertical three-dimensional outline line and space are alternated , accomplish the collocation of difference in degree, having have to bend , produce rhythm meter in verse , avoid that layout is stiff.LevelIs overcome landscape is monotonous, it is suitable with arbor, bush and flowers , land quilt plant carries out the disposition of multiple level. The plant of different pattern florescence is stratified between appearance to deploy , may make plant landscape rich and colorful. Background tree is normally suitable to be higher than prospect tree, plantation density is suitable and big , had better form green protective screen, tone is suitable deeply , or has the discrepancy on greater tone and chromaticity with prospect in order to set off effect vigorously.ColorColored, fruit color, leaf and the trunk of plant are very rich. May show with single color appearance , is multicolor to cooperate , pursue the different disposition ways such as layer transition for colorimetric handling as well as tone and chromaticity , realize garden scenery color composition. Will leaf color and pattern grade , it is helpful to organize graceful plant color composition. The plant that will embody spring, summer, autumn and winter four seasons season appearance, especially spring and the season of autumn appearance. When a same plant space, normally with the season of embodiment a season or two seasons, appearance and effect are relatively obvious. Because color leaf change or the florescence of trees is expected , general Zhi can last for 1 or 2 months, can often appear withered the phenomenon of honor. So, need to adopt the stratified disposition of flowers and trees of different florescence in order to prolong florescence; Or mix the flowers and trees of different florescence with the flowers and trees that show a season appearance to fall; Or remedy wood with rough wooden flowers( especially old root flowers) the flowers defect of shorter florescence etc. method.The large scale garden scenic spot of soft breeze often shows the characteristic of a season to visitor with strong season time sense. Chinese has , view and admire the tradition of certain flower certainly it is certain, in the seasons such as" clever summit scout plum" and" west mountain red leaf", beautiful scenery is very popular. There is also the disposition ways such as the yulan forest and forest of oriental cherry in small-sized garden, arising has the artistic effect of season characteristic.GardenIn garden plant space garden with plant for mainDesignThe creation of garden plant space is base shape , landform condition, using plant, carry out space to divide , create certain a landscape or special environmental atmosphere. Other this kind of creative same artistic creation is the same, " determine formerly ". The plant forest deploied on plane composition destiny line and when upright surface the forest on composition the design of crest line, it is the necessary means that realize garden conception.The section process forest of identical area destiny line design, may the big or little space of dividing that plant forms; Or in big space, divide little space , or organize thorough scene line , increase the depth of field of space. Via forest, crest line is designed , may organize rich and colorful three-dimensional outline line; When forest crest line rises and falls not large grove in, if outstanding one is specially high and isolated to set up , may play the part of the role of marking and guiding a tour. At the same time, since trees divide branch point, it is low that having have high, when in forest crest line design, it is open to also create open according to the altitude of human body or the plant enclosed space.Via the plant space of design, usually, there is main scene , and is to view and admire bush or the arbor with high value mostly mainly scene. Decide with arbor scene, general is is lonely to plant , clump plants or lists to plant , decide with bush scene, general for crowd plant or clump plants. Also have combine with natural type flower bed and building and mountain stone mainly scene. In plant space, with turf, cover the ground , may unify the tone of entire space. In local region or tree takes off , may spread to plant to endure shade land quilt plant.The plant disposition of plant space edge between suitable density appearance, complications have to deliver , the mistake of difference in degree falls , tone is suitable. Frequently green tree and the tree tower of fallen leaves match , may make winter summer scenery have all, is considerable. When the space where need to form quietness and encloses , make multilayer disposition with frequently green arbor and bush , plant closely , take isolation role. The plant space with greater area, to add plant good taste, may install various garden short artistic creations properly. If when topography somewhat rise and fall lawn goes up , it is half to bury the exquisite stone of Taihu Lake of stone or upright one; In the season with flat color, may furnish potted flower , form various picture veins.InstanceChinese Hangzhou spends a garden plant space in Hong Kong's sight fish park, area 150 square meters of 2, topography submits southeast to accommodation, in four weeks surrounding with trees enclose space. Main scene is located in the highest place of space for the 5 silk trees of free plantation. Main scene tree opposite slope takes off is 9 Xuan bell wood, Xuan bell wooden behind is a cypress wooden forest. Space south is oriental cherry, north spends bush for the spring of all kinds. The west side of silk tree is a triangle maple forest. In spring, south has oriental cherry , north has the spring colored bush of all kinds remote appearance open; In summer, in the grove of a dark green of four weeks, the main scene silk tree of red colored profit profit is especially bright-colored and dazzling; In deep autumn, the leaf of silk tree falls , bell wooden Huang Ye and red Ye He Xuan of triangle maple forest, thing remote appearance shine; Winter, before a fresh and green cypress wooden forest, set off 9 white greens Xuan bell wooden trunk, it is withered to not show. The plant of elaborate design is deploied , make this space have arisen the landscape of four seasons very graceful effect.Scene andScene and plantWater sceneThe various water bodies in garden as lakes, river river, pool spring, mountain stream and port Cha plant disposition, will accord with the water body requirement of ecological environment, water scene creation will notice sea wall and island to divide water surface and the role of increasing depth of field. Waterside plant is suitable to choose to endure water Xi Shi, the attitude graceful distinct arbor of color and luster and bush , or forms main scene or same flowers and plants and lake stone combination decoration revetment. To choose flowers and trees or color leaf, it is wooden with rich water scene. Grow tall and big arbor near greater water body , will notice forest crest line rise and fall and thorough scene line open up. It is having the water surface that scene may reflect , is unfit for plantation water plant in order to enlarge space sense , waits for far mountain, near tree and building to form in " a water drawing ".Near road,Will notice to create different garden road landscape, as mountain , bamboo way and colored way , wild Qu road. In natural type garden road, should break the plantation general layout of general trip tree, two side not definitely plants same tree kind, but must get balanced effect. Row spacing should near road scenery combination, reserve thorough scene line , create condition for " walk to move scene different ". Crossing may plant grove or the lonely tree planting with distinct color, or oppose scene , or make sign , take the role of tourist guide. In less important garden road or by-path road surface, may inlay turf , enrich garden road landscape. The garden road of regular type, also suitable 2 to 3 kind arbor or bush is arranged between appearance, form to rise and fall rhythm sense.The plantFirst, will accord with the nature of building and the expression wanted theme. If in Hangzhou near" flat lake autumn month" stele pavilion, plantation a crown such as the greater tree of autumn scenery of cover; " smell wood Xi perfume Xuan " near, set up with sweet-scented osmanthus around etc.. Secondly, want to make building and surroundings coordinate. If building is body, quantity is too big, architectural form is stiff, or location unsuitable etc. may shelter from or remedy using plant. Will strengthen the basic plantation of building again, wall base kind flowers and plants or bush makes building have a transitional space between ground , or takes the role of stabilizing foundation. House angle embellishes a flowers and trees, may overcome to build the feeling with monotonous thing appearance. Wall surface may match to plant climb plant , near statue, suitable close planting has the frequently green tree of proper altitude to make background. Take chair near suitable kind shields , have the flowers and trees of fragrance.Rockery stoneNormally mainly with quality and the form of expression stone, is unfit for to deploy plant too much. Sometimes, may deploy 1 or 2 little arbors or bushes near stone. When needs are covered , may grow climb plant. It is half to bury near the stone of ground , often brings grass with book or low short flowers appearance match. Near mountain stream, stone is planted frequently with various waterweeds, so as help nature Qu.The plant dispositionThe record of Chinese ancient garden plant disposition, see most early Song acting relevant colored table and skill colored a kind of books," crowd fragrant tables" of the Ming Dynasty in , " garden Ye " and " grow thing will " have mentioned , settle " acting broad crowd fragrant tables " , have more detailed explanation in "presbyopic glasses". From these writings record and narrate and reservation so far garden , ancient tree well-known wood comes to see , Chinese ancient garden plant disposition has following characteristic:The knowledge for garden plant subject comparison is deep, can get Hu disposition, the inner personality that goes to plant from external form thorough and the ecological habits of plant, " personification melts ", so have " Qing Biao Yun of plum blossom is high, bamboo section shelf is outspoken, orchid You grain article ease, chrysanthemum holds to be situated between Qing Yi " say , it is " 4 gentlemen" to explain. Or deploy pine, bamboo and plum together , is called as " the cold 3 of year-old friend ". Or with the metaphor wealth of tree peony, the metaphor of crape myrtle is harmonious to wait. Often give a kind of personality according to expression form and the ecological habits of plant the analogy that melts. Therefore in the individual America that appreciates plant emphatically in garden, with the lonely way of planting , it is many, just very few to prune.Imitate nature, imitate nature plant landscape into garden. Even if in the garden with very little area, also imitate " 3 or 5 becomes forest ", creation " Zhi? Mountain forest " artistic conception. Even according to pottery deep pool the clear description of " the source notes of peach blossom ", in garden, create " military tomb spring scenery"; Or move idyllic view into garden , install " rice fragrant village ".Hobby concentration plantation certain a kind of have characteristic, or become specially kind of garden for the plant that masses like. Lin Yuan Zhong on Western Han Dynastry support Li palace, the positive garden of tree peony of Song Dai Luo, banana, bamboo garden, pear fragrant courtyard and the loquat garden in clear clear times garden Wu etc.. This kind of form always spreads now.Plant the other same garden close combination disposition of essential factor, regardless of mountain stone, water body, garden road and building, set off with plant , even name with plant , loosen mountain range, cherry ditch and the brook of peach blossom as 10 thousand , Chinese flowering crabapple Wu , plum shadow slope and lotus stone, have strengthened the plant atmosphere of scenic spot. The building named with plant as the fragrant pavilion of lotus root, yulan hall, the chrysanthemum pavilion of 10 thousand and 18 graceful Tuo Luo Guan, building is regular and constant, and plant is to follow seasonal, times change, this has strengthened garden, is quiet in scenery and move contrast.Chinese ancient garden gets victory with scene, name person in scene name with plant a lot. Cut autumn wind as the gully loose wind, pear colored companion month and tung of 10 thousand , Wu bamboo You house and Luo Gang fragrant snow, extremely, universal, ample reflection makes the Chinese ancient characteristic of " with poem feelings draw Yi write in garden ".In long garden construction history, the program that has formed Chinese garden plant disposition skirts house and sea wall if planting plum to bend suitable willow and Chinese Scholar Tree , is shady to pawn yard , move bamboo to pawn window and Xuan-Ge-Chui-Luo etc. , reflect the peculiar style of Chinese garden plant disposition.Foreign gardenForeign garden plant disposition foreignItWest Europe has the plant disposition in Italian garden and the French garden of representative , is regular type , or prunes plant into geometric figure. In 16 century, there are Italian garden trees mainly with frequently green tree, along garden road and garden wall close planting, prune green corridor or green wall, is still covered with on tableland with Chinese littleleaf box or cypress, prune the green of the piece piece of one side of one side to plant platform. In 18 century, the following Britain arises the British natural scenery garden with open meadow, the grove of natural plantation and curved little way as feature. Modern West European countries again get influence and the requirement of metropolis ecology since environmental problem is increasingly serious, plant disposition tends to in nature, and notice plant is for the role of environmental protection. Consider on plant choice economic benefits and attention the visual artistic effect of plant disposition.JapanesePlant disposition adopt natural type , but also notice to prune plant. Tree kind choice is many with frequently green tree. Especially pine, have been often pruned definite shape , form Japanese peculiar style, having still created a kind of trees plastic the method of pruning? ? " cut "; At the same time, pay attention to the disposition of the tree kind of autumn scenery relatively, as regional plantation Qi woods. The disposition of grove, often adopt 3 for 1 or 2 for 1 or 5 for first-class way, each trees that make visitor see entire grove from any angle. Near house, grow banana and the palm department plant of big leaf frequently in order to get the garden artistic conception of " hear rain sound ". When waterfall Long mouth often deploies some arbors or bushes, shelter from the part of waterfall , increase depth sense. The ground in garden also frequently with carefully rough, little bamboo , Man the plants such as kind of, fern kind of, moss moss kind cover quilt.RussiaPay attention to plant disposition relatively, Russia garden studies home first press garden plant it views and admires property to carry out classification grade , if divide into crest shape ellipticity, egg shape, spherical, cone shape, pagoda shape, umbrella shape and natural shape , Chui branch shape , crawl shape etc.; Green leaf divides into dark green, Huang Lu and grey green 3 kinds according to chromaticity; Spend shape to spend order divide into 6 kinds. Disposition plant , from the aspects such as plane, cube, color and grove density degree, consider the artistic composition shelf of soft breeze of plant. At the same time returning the angle notice studied from forest disposition Qiao , bush proportion, needle, the proportion of broadleaf tree, trees density and tree kind proportion form garden plant disposition theory.1. DeployAccording to plant ecological habits and garden layout, ask , deploy the various plants in garden( arbor, bush, flowers and turf and land quilt plant etc.) reasonably in order to develop their garden function and view and admire property. Garden plant disposition is the important link of garden program design. The disposition of garden plant includes two aspects: On the one hand, it is the disposition of the various plants between each other , considers the choice of plant kind and the combination of grove, season, color and the composition of plane and upright surface appearance as well as garden artistic conception; On the other hand, it is garden plant with other garden essential factors such as the dispositions between each other such as mountain stone, water body and architectural, garden road.2. SeasonThe appearance of plant in different seasonal expression. Plant when in throughout the year growth process, leaf, flower, the shape of fruit and color change with season. Bloom , result or leaf color change, have is higher to view and admire value. Garden plant disposition will use plant season fully appearance characteristic. When different climate tape, in plant season, the time of appearance expression is different. Compared with the season of spring scenery of Beijing, it is late that Hangzhou comes , and compared with the season of autumn scenery, Hangzhou appears early. Even if in same region, climate is normal and Fou, also influence season frequently appearance color and the time of appearance. Low temperature and arid can postpone rough wooden sprout and bloom; Red leaf needs normally that when the difference in temperature of day and night is big, talent changes red, if frost season appearance prematurely, leaf does not change red and falls first, can not produce beautiful autumn scenery. The factors such as soil and maintenance management also influence season the change of appearance, therefore in season, appearance change may be artificial to control. For the needs of exhibition, may even urge to prolong florescence or make the plant of different florescence at the same time bloom for basin plantation thing with special handling. Garden plant disposition use has higher season of the plant that views and admires value and distinct characteristic appearance, can give person with the enlighten of season, strengthening is in season , shows the artistic effect with peculiar plant in garden landscape. As spring mountain flower meshed Man, in summer, lotus reflects Japan, in autumn, the full garden and winter wintersweet of outstanding achievement float on perfume. It is for a region to ask garden to have the scenery of four seasons or the landscape of a total park; In local scenic spot, often stress a season or in two seasons, characteristic is many with the way that regional crowd plant with unitary kind or some kinds of plants. If willow and the peach of Hangzhou Su Di are spring scene, bent courtyard wind lotus is summer scene, full sleep Long sweet-scented osmanthus is autumnal scenery, lonely mountain steps snow reward plum is winter scene. Avoid season appearance the withered phenomenon of not obvious period, may prolong with the trees method of mixing disposition and increasing frequently green tree and herbaceous flowers of different florescence to view and admire issue. As Wuxi plum garden mixes in the clump of plum blossom to plant sweet-scented osmanthus , watch plum and autumn reward cassia tree in spring , may still see in winter that the leaf of cassia tree is frequently green. The garden of tree peony in Hangzhou colored Hong Kong's sight fish is tree peony mainly, disposition red maple, Chinese littleleaf box, crape myrtle, pine etc. and tree peony spend , still maintain good landscape effect after thanking.3. LawnPlant close planting with perennial short and small draft , and prune neat artificial meadow by man-days to be called as lawn , do not be called as meadow by the long meadow region pruned. Used in the herbaceous plant of city and garden lawn, knot thread grass, wild ox grass, dog tooth root grass and carpet rough, blunt leaf are rough , holiday Jian rough, rye rough, early-maturing standing grain , cut share Ying etc.. As lawn, installation is before house , large scale building around between, square or forest open space, let view and admire and swim Qi or is athletic ground. Western ancient garden in have had regular type meadow. In middle period of 18 century, after British natural scenery garden appears , in garden, begins to use natural type lawn massively. Chinese ancient times Yuan , limited have big flat sparse forest meadow, in modern age, garden just has lawn.Classify , lawnAccording to the1, pure a lawn. Use the lawn of a kind of plant material. 2, mix lawn. From the lawn of various plant material composition. 3, Zhui the level ground of flowers and plants. With the perennial short and small grass of standing grain or draft the grass of standing grain mainly, mixing have the lawn of few herbaceous flowerses.According to1, swim Qi lawn. May open to let that person enters rest , take a walk , the outdoor campaigns such as game. Normally, it is thin to choose leaf , toughness is greater , endure comparatively to step on is rough as steping to grow. 2, view and admire lawn. Do not open , can not enter swim Qi. Normally, choose the color equality of dark green, green issue is longer, ability is scorching , can again resist cold rough kind. 3, the lawn of playing field. According to the requirement of different sport project, choose different rough kind, it is some to choose the rough kind of rough leaf jewelry, it is some to choose the rough kind of tenacious rough leaf, it is some to choose the rough kind of developed underground stem. 4, traffic safe lawn. Install mainly in the traffic line of land route, especially expressway both side, as well as the airplane parking area of airport goes up. 5, protect earth to protect the lawn of slope. To prevent that water and soil had been eroded , prevent that dust rises. It is quick to choose growth mainly , root department is developed or have crawl sexual rough kind.Apply , lawn is usedEnvironmental protection aspect. In garden green land, lawn and trees take purification air and heatstroke prevention to cool down , adsorption dust , the role of weakening noise, can protect environment , maintain ecological balance. The rough individual of lawn is little, there are many quantities, occupation has little space, quick growth and strong adaptability , is easy to survive , forestation effect is rapid. Grass paste tightly land look unfamiliar length, it is risen that it prevents dust and soil erosion function is remarkable. Lawn forms ventilation road in green land , may improve the living environment of tropical region. Garden artistic aspect. Lawn space waits with waters space and square space is similar, can open up broad line of vision , guide line of vision , increase depth of field and level , and can show topography America fully. Urban construction aspect. Lawn lows the short place of green land frequently used in modern city needs, such as road line under, the strong netting twine of electric power, the underground facility above earth place of more thin layer etc..Build , lawn builds1 is direct to sow rough seed. General when spring and autumn go on. Coldly type rough this multi-purpose law. 2 directly plants grass. General when spring and summer go on. This multi-purpose law of North China. 3 breeds with stem branch part. Normally in summer or many rainy seasons, festival goes on. Warmly type lawn this multi-purpose law. 4, directly pave rough piece. Warm region can go on in four seasons, Chinese north uses this method in summer, in autumn to pave the lawn of playing field. Now, build the method of lawn extensively with direct seeds sowing. May use to spray the law of thick liquid of seeds sowing rough seed , glue sticky, fertilizer mixture to spray to rock slope goes up force to grow grass , may also put rough seed in advance arrive to have no to spin cloth go up sprout and grow up lawn plants raw tape, then, shop arrives to form lawn on the ground. The advantage of the direct law of seeds sowing is: It is even that rough seed spreads less with quantity, it is neat to make sprout, can prevent that weeds breed , it is gone to that kind does not be rushed on hillside fields by water, may form various patterns. Besides, produce rough piece in advance with seed or stem branch part under the condition without earth or thin earth, or rolling into banding rough piece , grass are rolled up , for is indoor , outdoor lay lawn at any time, after spreading , may become shape immediately. Lawn builds present trend in factory to melt to grow seedlings.It is to be continueded.Http: / /co.163.com/forum/content/364_238813_1.htm It still has theHttp: / /www.xgu.cn/zwxjpkc/skja/s8.htm Hope that all may make landscape together[Http: / /www.nljg.cn] this is the webpage of the